公差环丨选型指南,技术信息及索引
什么是公差环?
What is a tolerance ring?
公差环是一种波纹状金属带,用作两个机械物体之间的接口,通过过盈配合将一个物体固定到另一个物体上。 公差环的波纹(或波)就像弹簧一样,将两个部件固定在一起。
它们已被成功使用多年,并提供许多技术和经济优势。
A tolerance ring is a corrugated metal strip that acts as an interface between two mechanical objects, to secure one to the other by interference fit. The corrugations (or waves) of the tolerance ring act like springs, fastening the two components together.
They have been used with great success for many years and offer many technical and economic advantages.
公差环是由什么制成的?
What are tolerance rings made from?
弹簧钢带或不锈钢 (AISI 301) 带——大部分由不锈钢制成。
Spring Steel Strip or Stainless Steel (AISI 301) Strip - the majority from Stainless Steel.
如何选择需要的公差环?
How do I specify the tolerance ring I need?
公差环有两种基本类型,最简单的区分方法是:
There are two basic types of ring & the simplest way to remember is this:
AN 型用于将轴承/物体固定到外壳中。 最大直径是可变的,可以改变外壳直径。
AN type is used for holding a bearing / object into a housing. The largest diameter is variable enabling the housing diameter to be varied.
BN型用于将轴承/物体固定到轴上。 最小直径是可变的,可以改变轴的直径。
BN type is used for holding a bearing / object onto a shaft. The smallest diameter is variable enabling the shaft diameter to be varied.
遵循此规则,可以轻松地根据用途选择想要的公差环。 例如,使用 BN 型公差环将旋钮装配到轴上。
Following this rule, you can easily select the ring you want for other jobs. For example a knob is fitted onto a shaft using a BN type tolerance ring.
可以传递什么样的扭矩——它们会打滑吗?
What sort of torque can be transmitted - will they slip?
允许的扭矩很高。
如果超过规定的扭矩,公差环将打滑 - 这可以作为防止损坏的一种方法。
The allowable torques are high.
If the torque stated is exceeded the tolerance ring will slip - this can be a means of preventing damage.
如何安装公差环?
How do I fit tolerance rings?
AN - 外壳变量 (HV):将公差环放置在外壳孔中,环的平边位于环的外侧,然后将轴承压入孔中(确保它保持直角)。 AN 型环是在略微张开的状态下制造的,这使得它们在组装过程中能够抓住外壳的孔。
AN - housing variable (HV): The tolerance ring is placed in the housing bore with the flat edge on the outside of the ring and then the bearing is pressed into the bore (ensuring it remains at right angles). The AN type rings are made in a slightly open condition which allows them to grip the bore of the housing during assembly.
BN——轴变量(SV):将公差环套在轴上,然后将轴压入到位。 平边位于环的内侧。
BN - shaft variable (SV): The tolerance ring is placed over the shaft and the shaft is pressed into place. The flat edge is on the inside of the ring.
公差环还有哪些其他优点?
What other advantages do tolerance rings have?
- 快速组装有助于降低成本
- 允许更大的机械加工公差
- 高扭矩能力/提供过载保护
- 补偿不同的热膨胀率
- 消除零件上的昂贵特征(例如键槽、销、螺钉等)
- 吸收振动
- 耐腐蚀
- 补偿错位
- rapid assembly help to lower costs
- permit larger machining tolerances
- high torque capabilities / provide overload protection
- compensate for different rates of thermal expansion
- eliminate expensive features on parts (for example keyways, pins, screws etc)
- absorb vibrations
- resist corrosion
- compensate for misalignment
它们可以在什么温度范围内运行?
What temperature range can they operate at?
不锈钢:在高达 250ºC 的温度下工作时,不锈钢精密公差环的弹簧质量不会降低。
碳钢:碳钢公差环的最高连续工作温度为 120ºC。
Stainless Steel: The spring qualities of the stainless steel tolerance ring does not deteriorate when operating in temperatures of up to 250ºC.
Carbon Steel: The maximum continuous operating temperature for the carbon steel tolerance rings is 120ºC.
公差环可以串联使用以获得更大的负载能力吗?
Can tolerance rings be used in series for greater load capacity?
如果应用需要比一个公差环提供的负载更大的负载,则可以串联安装两个或多个公差环,直到它们的额定负载之和超过要承载的负载。但是,公差环必须由法兰或立柱隔开,以防止环之间相互滑动。
Where an application requires greater load than that provided by one tolerance ring, it is possible to fit two or more tolerance rings in tandem until the sum of their load ratings exceeds the load to be carried. However, the tolerance rings must be separated by flanges / upstands to prevent the rings slipping over each other.